Thursday 4 August 2016

SHORT ANSWERS AND SUMMARIES OF THE POEMS

SHORT ANSWERS AND SUMMARIES

(Total Marks: 10 + 5 = 15)

QUESTION NO. 1
1. Answer the following questions. (The Saviour of Mankind)
(i)  What type of land Arabia is?
Ans. Arabia is a land of unparalleled charm and beauty, with its trackless deserts of sand dunes in the dazzling rays of a tropical sun. It has a desert climate with extremely high day-time temperature and a sharp temperature drop at night. 
(ii) Where is Makkah situated?
Ans. Makkah is the holiest city of Islam in the Hejaz in Saudia Arabia. It is situated about fifty miles from the Red Sea. It is located 70 km inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of 277 m above the sea level. 
(iii) What type of competition was held at Ukaz?
Ans. Every year a fair was held for poetical competitions at Ukaz; a few miles towards the desert from Taif, on the high east plateau of Makkah. The poetic form set for the competition was the qasidah, an ode. 
(iv) Why was the Holy Quran sent in Arabic?
Ans. The Holy Quran was sent in Arabic because the Arabs had great love for their national language, Arabic. Moreover, Arabic is the best language in terms of being easy to understand. It is the most phonetic language because there are only four vowels in it. 
(v) For which ability were the Arabs famous?
Ans. Before the promulgation of Islam, the Arabs were famous for two things; remarkable memory and eloquence. The memory and the art of using language with fluency and aptness found expression in their poetry.
2. Answer the following questions. (The Saviour of Mankind)
(i)  What was the condition of mankind before the Holy Prophet (SAW)?
Ans. Mankind stood on the verge of chaos before the Holy Prophet (SAW). There was injustice, unfairness, violence, bloodshed, wars, and struggles between the humans. It seemed that the civilization which had taken four thousand years to grow had started crumbling. 
(ii) Why did the Holy Prophet (SAW) stay in the cave of Hira?
Ans. When Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) was thirty-eight years of age, he spent most of his time in solitude and meditation. In the cave of Hira, he used to retire with food and water and spend days and weeks in remembrance of Allah Almighty. 
(iii) What was the first revelation?
Ans. The first revelation was; "Read in the name of thy Lord Who created; created man from a clot (of congealed blood): Read and thy Lord is most Bountiful, Who taught (the use of) the pen, taught man that which he knew not." (Qur'an, 96:1-5)
(iv) Why did the pagan Arabs threaten the Holy Prophet's (SAW) uncle?
Ans. The pagan Arabs were in power. The Holy Prophet's (SAW) belief was threatening their dominance in the society. So they threatened the Holy Prophet's (SAW) uncle, Abu Talib to restrain the Holy Prophet (SAW) from preaching Allah Almighty's message, or face their enmity.
(v) What did Hazrat Ayesha (RA) say about the life of the Holy Prophet (SAW)?
Ans. Hazrat Ayesha (RA) was the daughter of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (RA) and the wife of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW). In reply to a question about the life of the Holy Prophet (SAW), Hazrat Ayesha (RA) said: "His morals and character are an embodiment of the Holy Quran."
3. Answer the following questions. (Patriotism)
(i) How will you define patriotism?
Ans. Patriotism is an emotional attachment to a nation which an individual recognizes as his homeland. This attachment, also known as national pride, can be viewed in terms of different features relating to one's own nation, including ethnic, cultural, political or historical aspects. 
(ii) What are the qualities of a patriot?
Ans. A patriot is someone who feels a strong support for his country. A patriot is bound to feelings of national loyalty because of an intense and passionate love of country. Every patriot has qualities of bravery, devotion, honour and sacrifice. 
(iii) What is the highest military award of Pakistan? 
Ans. Nishan-e-Haider meaning "Oder of the Lion" is the highest military award of Pakistan. It is awarded to those great patriots who bravely lay down their lives for the defense, integrity and honour of their country. 
(iv) As a citizen of Pakistan what are your duties towards your country?
Ans. (i) We should work and struggle hard for the development of our country.
(ii) We should be ready to give any sacrifice for the honour and dignity of our country.
(iii) We must obey laws and respect authority.
(v) What makes us stay alert in the wake of foreign invasion?
Ans. Patriotism is a live spirit which forces us to look after the defense, integrity and honour of the country. Therefore, the spirit of patriotism makes us stay alert in the wake of foreign invasion or any other intrusion. 
QUESTION NO. 2
1. Answer the following questions. (Media and Its Impact)
(i) What is the most important function that media performs?
Ans. Media is the most powerful means of communication. Thus the most important function of media is to share news, information and facts around the globe with people. Media also educates and entertains people. 
(ii) What are the two major means of communication?
Ans. The two major means of communication are;
(a) Print media
(b) Electronic media
(iii) What type of information does media provide?
Ans. Media is the most powerful means of communication. It provides all types of information particularly news around the globe with people. It also provides entertainment, help, fun and education etc. 
(iv) How does media provide entertainment?
Ans. Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience, and gives pleasure and delight. Media provides the audience entertainment with films, dramas, stage shows, talk shows, music shows and comedies.
(v) What happens when media is allowed to play its role unchecked?
Ans. Media misleads masses when it is allowed to play its role unchecked. It may spread false news against the government, which is very harmful for a stable government. Moreover, the mean, selfish and business-minded people may exploit the common masses dishonestly.
2. Answer the following questions. (Hazrat Asma RA)
(i) Who were emigrants and where did they migrate to?
Ans. The Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) and his close companion, Hazrat Abu Bakr Saddique (RA) were the emigrants. They migrated from Makkah to Madina in the year 622 A.D. The preparation of this journey was made at the house of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.)
(ii) What title was give to Hazrat Amsa (RA) by the Holy Prophet (SAW)?
Ans. Hazrat Asma (RA) rendered useful services for the migration of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) and his father Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (RA) from Makkah to Madina. For her services, she was given the title of "Zatun-Nataqin" by the Holy Prophet (SAW). 
(iii) Why was Abu Jehl furious?
Ans. On the night of migration of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) and Hazrat Abu Bark (RA), Abu Jehl headed towards Hazrat Abu Bakr's (RA) home. He asked Hazrat Asma (RA), "Where is your father?" Hazrat Asma replied, "How would I know?" This made Abu Jehl furious.
(iv) What happened when Abu Jehl asked about Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (RA)?
Ans. When Abu Jehl asked Hazrat Asma (RA) about her father Hazrat Abu Bakr Saddique (RA), she replied how she could know about him. At this Abu Jehl got angry and gave her a slap on her face so hard that her ear-ring fell off but she did not reveal the secret. 
(v) Why was Abu Quhaffa (RA) worried?
Ans. Abu Quhaffa (RA) was worried because he thought that his son, Hazrat Abu Bakr Saddique (RA) had taken all the wealth with him, leaving his children empty-handed and helpless, and had put them in difficulty.
3. Answer the following questions. (Hazrat Asma RA)
(i) How did Hazrat Asma (RA) console her grandfather?
Ans. Hazrat Asma's (RA) grandfather was blind. He thought that his son, Hazrat Abu Bark (RA) had taken all the wealth with him. Hazrat Asma (RA) made him place his hand on the pebbles covered with a piece of cloth. He thought that they were jewels. In this way, she consoled her father. 
(ii) Who was Hazrat Abdullah bin Zubair?
Ans. Hazrat Abdullah bin Zubair (RA) was the son of Hazrat Asma (RA) and Hazrat Zubair al-Awwan (RA). He was the nephew of Hazrat Ayesha Saddiqua (RA). He is regarded as the fifth righteous Caliph of Islam who ruled the region from 683 till his death in 692.
(iii) Which incident in the story showed Hazrat Asma's (RA) love and respect for the Holy Prophet (SAW)?
Ans. When Hazrat Asma (RA) got punished by Abu Jehl, she did not give him any clue about the Holy Prophet (SAW). During the night, she conveyed food to the Holy Prophet (SAW) at the risk of her own life. This shows her love and respect for the Holy Prophet. 
(iv) Which incident in the story tells about the generosity of Hazrat Asma (RA)?
Ans. Hazrat Asma (RA) inherited a garden after the death of her sister, Hazrat Ayesha (RA). She sold it and gave away all the money to the poor and the needy. This event shows her generosity. Moreover, nobody returned empty-handed from her doorstep.
(v) What message do you get from the life of Hazrat Asma (RA)?
Ans. Hazrat Asma's (RA) life is a beacon of light for all of us. Her life preaches us the message of generosity, bravery, loyalty and sacrifice. Her life is an epitome of a true Muslim that we should follow to please Allah and His Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW).
QUESTION NO. 3
1. Answer the following questions. (The Quaid's Vision and Pakistan)
(i) How much confidence did Quaid-e-Azam has in his nation?
Ans. Quaid-e-Azam had great confidence in his nation. He knew that his people were made of sterling material and unbeatable. He had a strong belief that the people of his nation would get united to make progress and gain their lost dignity. 
(ii) What was the Quaid's concept of our nation?
Ans. Quaid's concept of our nation was that the Muslims were a nation with their own distinctive culture and civilization, language and literature, names and nomenclature, sense of values and proportion, art and architecture, legal laws and moral codes, custom and calendar, history and tradition, aptitude and ambitions. 
(iii) What was the ideology of Pakistan in view of Quaid-e-Azam?
Ans. The ideology of Pakistan in view of Quaid-e-Azam was based on the fundamental principle that the Muslims were an independent nation and their national and political identity could not be merged with any other nation. 
(iv) What can be the possible solution to our present problems?
Ans. We can solve our present problems by becoming united and ambitious to get progress, and compete with other nations, leaving our personal, local, lingual, ethnic, sectarian, or provincial identities and prejudices. 
(v) How can we become a strong nation?
Ans. We can become a strong nation if we follow our Quaid's excellent saying "Faith, Unity, Discipline" and impart his advice to the youth, "It now depends upon you to work, work and work and we shall definitely get success".
2. Answer the following questions. (Sultan Ahmad Mosque)
(i) Why Sultan Ahmad Mosque is also known as Blue Mosque?
Ans. Sultan Ahmad Mosque is also known as Blue Mosque because;
(i) Magnificent hand-painted blue tiles adorn the mosque's interior walls.
(ii) At night the mosque is bathed in blue as lights frame the mosque's five main domes, six minarets and eight secondary domes. 
(ii) Who was appointed as the architect of the mosque?
Ans. The royal architect, Sedefkar Mehmat Aga was appointed as the architect of the mosque. He was the Ottoman architect of the Sultan Ahmad Mosque in Istanbul. He synthesized the ideas of his master Sinan, aiming for the overwhelming size, majesty and splendour.
(iii) Who constructed Mosque Sophia?
Ans. The Hagia Sophia was built as a church by Justinian the Great between 532 and 537. On 29 May 1453, the Sultan of Ottoman Empire, Mehmet II, conquered Constantinople and changed the church into a mosque and modified its structure somewhat. 
(iv) Why was a heavy iron chain hung at the entrance of the court?
Ans. A heavy iron chain was hung at the upper part of a door from where the king was to enter the mosque. The king had to bow down his head to avoid the hit of the chain. It was a symbol by which the king showed his humbleness to Allah Almighty.
(v) How does the interior of the mosque look?
Ans. The lower interior of the mosque is lined with more than 20,000 ceramic tiles in more than 50 designs. The gallery is decorated with the designs of flowers, fruits and cypresses. The upper level of the interior is painted blue. The floors are covered with carpets. The whole interior looks beautiful.
3. Answer the following questions. (All is Not Lost)
(i) What is an ICU in a hospital?
Ans. An Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a special unit within a hospital where those patients are treated who are critically ill. The specially trained staff of the hospital takes care of such patients round the clock.
(ii) Why did the nurse ask Hira's sister to come and talk to her?
Ans. Hira had met with a road accident. She had received severe head and spinal injuries. The nurse tried to do several exercises on her lifeless arms but in vain. She made her younger sister to come and talk to her, thinking that her voice might activate her sister's nearly dead neurons and brain. 
(iii) Why did the nurse disagree with the doctor's point of view?
Ans. The nurse disagreed with the doctors' point of view that Hira was a hopeless case because she thought that it was not logical. She was hopeful of Hira's recovery if a chance was given to her by the senior doctors. 
(iv) Describe some qualities of the nurse in the story?
Ans. The nurse in the story is kind, dutiful and committed to her profession. She has positive thinking, strong will power and a sense of deeper understanding to life. She has a sense of hope for what to others may seem hopeless. 
(v) Why did the nurse say: "Where there is a will there is a way"?
Ans. The nurse reached her seemingly impossible goal; her patient Hira that was a hopeless case in others' point of view has recovered. Thus she uttered the phrase. "Where there is a will there is a way". The phrase means that the unyielding people are bound to succeed.
QUESTION NO. 4
1. Answer the following questions. (Drug Addiction)
(i) What are the effects of drug addiction?
Ans. The effects of drug addiction are very harmful and fatal. Drug addiction causes health, social and financial problems. Long term use of drugs causes permanent mental and physical sickness. The more dangerous a substance is used the more risky it becomes. 
(ii) Which environmental factors are responsible for drug addiction?
Ans. Environmental factors are those factors that are found in the surroundings. Bad company, drug pushers and domestic problems are the major environmental factors which are responsible for drug addiction.
(iii) Why do you understand by the term "counselling"?
Ans. The term 'counselling' means 'taking advice'. It is, in fact, the process of assisting and guiding clients, especially by a trained person on a professional basis, to resolve especially personal, social, or psychological problems and difficulties.
(iv) What are the causes of drug addiction?
Ans. The main causes of drug addiction are environmental, psychological and genetic factors. Environment  factors include bad peer influence and troubled domestic background. Physical abuse or neglect leads to psychological stress. Genetic factors mean that drug addiction tends to run in families. 
(v) What is the role of counselling in preventing drug addiction?
Ans.  Counselling is very important for the treatment of the drug addicts. It is an ongoing recovery program. Therefore, it should be continued even after the patient is cured. It prevents the patient's relapse to the disease again.
2. Answer the following questions. (Noise in the Environment)
(i) How do you define noise pollution?
Ans. Disturbing or excessive noise that disrupts normal functioning of life is referred to as noise pollution. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines and transportation systems, motor vehicles, aircraft, and trains. 
(ii) How is transport a source of noise pollution?
Ans. Sound of horns of vehicles on roads, fast running of trains on their tracks and aeroplanes flying over houses produce disturbing and excessive noise that disrupts normal functioning of life. So transport is a source of noise pollution.
(iii) How is construction work a cause of noise pollution?
Ans. Transport of heavy vehicles and the sounds of grilling and boring at construction sites produce disturbing noise that disrupts normal functioning of the life of surrounding residents. So construction work is a very common cause of noise pollution. 
(iv) How is use of technology causing noise pollution?
Ans. Turbines, music players, TV, electricity generators, cell phones and other such equipment of technology produce increasing levels of unwanted noise of varying types and intensities throughout the day and night that disturb sleep, concentration, and other functions. 
(v) Why is noise dangerous for human health?
Ans. Noise health effects are the health consequences of regular exposure, to consistent elevated sound levels. Noise leaves hazardous impact on human health. It causes restlessness, hypertension, stress, hearing loss, aggression, depression and sleeplessness.
3. Answer the following questions. (Three Days to See)
(i) How was Helen Keller?
Ans. Helen Adams Keller was an American author, political activist, and lecturer.  She became deaf and blind at the age of 19 months. She was the first deaf-blind lady who earned the degree of Bachelor of Arts. 
(ii) What makes you feel that the author is sad and depressed?
Ans. The author is blind and deaf. Her deepest wish for sight and sound makes her sad and depressed. She wants to see the beauties and hear the sounds of the world. Moreover, her thought that the people with eyes see little also makes her sad and depressed. 
(iii) How do you get an impression that Helen Keller was a great admirer of Nature?
Ans. Helen Keller feels the delicate symmetry of leaves and flowers with her hands. She feels cool water flowing through her open fingers. She feels the happy quiver of a bird. All this shows that Helen Keller is a great admirer of nature. 
(iv) People who are deprived of sight not devoid of imagination. Discuss.
Ans. People who are blind are more imaginative than those who can see. There is plenty of imagery that goes on all the time in blind people. Helen Keller is such an example. She notices things by mere touch and imagines their beauty. 
(v) Why has Helen Keller no time to waste in longings?
Ans. There is so much to see in the world and Helen Keller is left only with one day more to see. Thus she has a very brief time and does not want to waste even a fraction of second in regret for longings only. 
QUESTION NO. 5
1. Answer the following questions. (Poems)
(i) How do you compare the daffodils with the stars?
Ans. Both daffodils and stars are the objects on nature. Daffodils that the poet sees are as numerous as the stars in the sky. Daffodils flutter while the stars twinkle. The comparison of daffodils with the stars in the poem enhances the beauty of daffodils. 
(ii) How does the poet feel in the company of daffodils?
Ans. Wordsworth has a firm belief that the company of nature gives pleasure to human heart. Thus he feels very happy and relieved in the company of golden daffodils which are the beautiful objects of nature. 
(iii) What do the daffodils represent in the poem?
Ans. Daffodils are one of the earliest flowers to bloom in the spring and are often associated with springtime and rebirth. In this poem they also stand nature and balmy effect on human mind and soul. These also represent creativity, inspiration and memory. 
(iv) Why does the speaker stop on 'the darkest evening of the year'?
Ans. The speaker is extremely sensitive to the beauty of nature. He is similar to William Wordsworth's speakers in this respect. He is attracted to the light wind, soft snow, the trees and the silence. He enjoys the scene very much. Therefore, he stops there. 
(v) Why does the horse impatiently await the next move of his master?
Ans. The horse wonders why his rider has stopped near a deep dark woodland at night. He fears that they might suffer something wrong. Therefore, he is waiting impatiently for the next move of his master.
2. Write down the summary of the poem "Daffodils" by William Wordsworth.

Daffodils
Summary
     "Daffodils" is a simple, charming and wonderful poem gleaned by the pen of a major English Romantic poet, William Wordsworth. In this poem, the poet praises the beautiful phenomena and objects of nature like breeze, waves and daffodils. He also propagates the idea that Nature's beauty uplifts the human spirit. 
     One day in 1802, the speaker was wayfaring alone along the side of a lake at Grasmere, Cumbria Country, England. While wandering like a cloud, the speaker discovers a shore lined with a large number of golden daffodils. These yellow and crown shaped flowers were growing beside the lake and under a tree. These were dancing in the breeze and stretching like the stars in the Milky Way. The waves of the lake were also undulating with joy but the dance of daffodils surpassed them. The speaker was much delighted to see this mesmerizing scene. 
     In the end the speaker says that whenever he is lonely and in a thoughtful mood, the charismatic sight of daffodils comes into his imagination and his heart is filled with ecstatic pleasure. In short, the poem reminds us of Keats' line;
A thing of beauty is a joy forever


3. Write down the summary of the poem "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost. 

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

Summary
     "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" is a simple, romantic and thought-provoking poem gleaned by the pen of a major American poet, Robert Frost. In this poem, the poet describes the conflict between love of nature and call of social responsibilities, and a contrast between private will and public obligations. 
     On a dark winter evening, the narrator stops his little stallion to watch the snow falling in the woods. Finding that the owner of the woods is absent, he lingers his stay to relish isolation and the beauty of Nature. The horse is confused at stopping far away from any farmhouse. Therefore, he shakes his harness bell to ask if there is some mistake. Now the narrator realizes the pull of obligations and the considerable distance before he can rest for the night, and reluctantly continues on his way. 
     In short, the poem trumpets the beauty of nature and hints at the need to carry on the daily affairs of life. The world of fantasy is very inviting and seductive. However, one must maintain balance between the world of fantasy and of reality.
Sometimes we need fantasy to survive the reality. 
                                                                                           (Anonymous) 
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